荒漠区食细菌线虫对生物土壤结皮下土壤酶活性的影响     

刘艳梅  杨航宇  刘凤莲  王俊俊  王莉红  张亭亭 《中国沙漠》2022,42(2):77-84

作为土壤的重要生物组分,食细菌线虫影响土壤的能量流动和物质循环,但它在荒漠生态系统的作用仍不清楚.为探明土壤食细菌线虫对荒漠区土壤的影响,以腾格里沙漠东南缘人工植被固沙区生物土壤结皮覆盖的沙丘土壤为研究对象,分别采集藻-地衣和藓类结皮及结皮下0-10cm土样,按每克土壤10、30、60、90、120、150条的密度接种...  相似文献   

Effect of water temperature on digestive enzyme activity and gut mass in sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus （Selenka）, with special reference to aestivation   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

高菲  杨红生  许强  王方雨  刘广斌 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2009,27(4):714-722

The effect of water temperature on gut mass and digestive enzyme activity in sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus, including relative gut mass (RGM), amylase, lipase, pepsin and trypsin activities were studied at temperatures of 7, 14, 21, and 28°C over a period of 40 days. Results show that RGM significantly decreased after 40 days at 21°C and markedly decreased over the whole experiment period at 28°C; however, no significant effect of duration was observed at 7 or 14°C. At 14°C, trypsin activity significantly decreased over 10 and 20 days, then increased; amylase and trypsin activity significantly decreased after 40 days at 28°C. However, no significant effect of duration was found on amylase, pepsin or trypsin activities in the other temperature treatment groups. At 28°C, lipase activity peaked in 20 days and then markedly decreased to a minimum at the end of the experiment. On the other hand, pepsin activity at 28°C continuously increased over the whole experimental period. Principle component analysis showed that sea cucumbers on day 40 in the 21°C group and in the previous 20 days in the 28°C group were in the prophase of aestivation. At 28°C, sea cucumbers aestivated at 30–40 days after the start of the experiment. It is concluded that the effect of temperature on the digestion of A. japonicus is comparatively weak within a specific range of water temperatures and aestivation behavior is accompanied by significant changes in RGM and digestive enzyme activities.  相似文献   

紫色土不同土体的土壤养分和酶活性特征   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

何毓蓉  成文 《山地学报》1993,(4)

对紫色土未培肥和培肥的不同土体,在小麦生育期内土壤养分和酶活性的动态测定结果表明:未培肥土体的全氮、有效磷、蔗糖酶、碱性磷酸酶有明显变化。尤其是砂土在改变为不同质地的土体后,上述土壤养分和酶活性都有所提高。培肥土体的土壤有机质、全氮、有效钾明显增加,土壤酶活性增强。砂土培肥的效果最显著。所以改变土体质地,并加以培肥,有助于提高土壤肥力,防治紫色土退化。  相似文献   

Studies on the effects of polyaspartate protease fertilizer enhancer in the absorptions of soil nutrition and the enzymatic activities of crops     

JIANG Guoliang )  *  YANG Dong )  LIU Yun )  ZHANG Guanghua )  LI Zhongjun )  ZHANG Xinhua ) ) College of Marine Life Sciences  Ocean University of China  Qingdao  P..R.China) Fisheries College  Ocean University of China  Qingdao  P..R.China) Agriculture bureau of Anqiu  Anqiu  P..R.China 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2003,2(1):62-64

1　Introduction　Chinaisboththelargestproducerandthelargestconsumerofchemicalfertilizersintheworld .Since1984 ,Chineseconsumptionofchemicalfertilizerhasincreasedmorethanonetimes ,fromabout 17millionmetrictonsto 35millionmetrictons .However ,dur ingthesameperiod ,theyieldoffoodproductionhasincreasedonlyabout 10 % .Thediscrepancybetweenfertilizerconsumptionandyieldincreasehasindicatedthedrasticdecreaseofthebenefitsofchemicalfertiliz ers .Infact ,theutilizationefficiencyofnitrogenfer tilizerinC…  相似文献   

Enzymatic and Microbial Degradation of Organic Matter in Lake Hongfeng, Guizhou Province, China   总被引：1，自引：2，他引：1  

梁小兵  朱建明  刘丛强  魏中青  汪福顺  万国江  黄荣贵 《中国地球化学学报》2004,23(1):81-88

1IntroductionEnzymaticandmicrobialdegradationoforganicmatterhasabearingnotonlyonearlydiagene sis,butalsoonelementcyclingandmicrobedistributioninlakesediments.Somereportsshowedtheabundancevariationsoforganicmatterinsediments (BurdigeandGardner,1998;ArthurandDean ,1998;WanGuojiangetal.,2 0 0 0 ) .However,duetothecomplexchemicalcompositionoforganicmatter,mechanismsofenzymaticandmicrobialdegradationandvariationsofeachchemicalcomponentneedtobestudiedfurther.Underanoxiccondition ,SO2 -4 isanimpo…  相似文献   

油蒿(Artemisia ordosica)抗旱生理生化特性研究初报   总被引：23，自引：16，他引：23  

龚吉蕊  张立新  赵爱芬  毕玉蓉 《中国沙漠》2002,22(4):387-392

测定了宁夏沙坡头地区固沙植物油蒿体内活性氧自由基的变化，膜伤害的程度，抗氧化保护酶系统以及光合特性与叶绿素含量的变化，对油蒿适应干旱胁迫的机理进行了分析。结果表明：灌溉地油蒿的MDA、O^-2、H2O2，脯氨酸的含量以及CAT、SOD的活性低于固定沙丘的油蒿，而植物体内蛋白质的含量、POD的活性高于固定沙丘的油蒿，固定沙丘油蒿中的Chla、Chlb含量和H2O→PCIP电子传递速率低于灌溉地油蒿，因此，当油蒿受到干旱胁迫时具有一定的抗氧化胁迫的能力。  相似文献   

近江牡蛎肠道细菌及其产酶能力     

祝玲  杨吉霞  蔡俊鹏  余德民 《广东海洋大学学报》2005,25(1):10-13

从近江牡蛎肠道中分离出21株菌,其中, 9株为革兰阳性菌, 12株革兰阴性菌。为寻找能分泌多种酶的有益微生物,研究了它们蛋白酶、脂肪酶、淀粉酶、纤维素酶的产酶能力。结果表明,有61 .9%的菌株能分泌蛋白酶或淀粉酶(各有13株菌);有52. 4%的菌株能分泌脂肪酶(11株菌);有33. 3%的菌株能产纤维素酶(7株菌)。在这21株菌中,产4种酶的有5株菌,产3种酶的3株菌,产两种酶的5株菌,产1种酶的3株菌,不产酶的仅有5株菌。不产酶的菌株仅占细菌总数的23. 8%,而各种产酶菌则高达76. 2%,由此表明细菌在近江牡蛎对食饵消化过程的重要性。  相似文献   

Comparative effects of the blue green algae Nodularia spumigena and a lysed extract on detoxification and antioxidant enzymes in the green lipped mussel (Perna viridis)     

Davies WR  Siu WH  Jack RW  Wu RS  Lam PK  Nugegoda D 《Marine pollution bulletin》2005,51(8-12):1026-1033

Nodularia spumigena periodically proliferates to cause toxic algal blooms with some aquatic animals enduring and consuming high densities of the blue green algae or toxic lysis. N. spumigena contains toxic compounds such as nodularin and lipopolysaccharides. This current work investigates physiological effects of exposure from bloom conditions of N. spumigena cells and a post-bloom lysis. Biochemical and antioxidative biomarkers were comparatively studied over an acute 3-day exposure. In general, a post-bloom N. spumigena lysis caused opposite physiological responses to bloom densities of N. spumigena. Specifically, increases in glutathione (GSH) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and decreases in glutathione S-transferase (GST) were observed from the N. spumigena lysis. In contrast, N. spumigena cell densities decreased GSH and increased GST and lipid peroxidation (LPO) in mussels. Findings also suggest that at different stages of a toxic bloom, exposure may result in toxic stress to specific organs in the mussel.  相似文献   

海洋真菌药用活性物质研究进展   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

温占波  裴月湖  田黎 《海洋科学进展》2004,22(3):370-376

海洋真菌由于其资源优势和新颖的次生代谢产物,成为海洋天然活性物质的研究热点。按从抗肿瘤、抗菌、酶抑制剂、拮抗剂等几个方面对海洋真菌产生的活性物质的国内外研究情况进行了综述。  相似文献   

凡纳滨对虾幼体胃蛋白酶和类胰蛋白酶活力的研究   总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11  

杨奇慧  周歧存  马丽莎  迟淑艳 《海洋科学》2005,29(5):6-9

以酶学分析方法测定了凡纳滨对虾(LitopenaeusvannameiBoone)状幼体(Z2)、糠虾幼体(M2)和仔虾(P1)胃蛋白酶和类胰蛋白酶活力的变化。结果表明,在凡纳滨对虾幼体发育过程中,胃蛋白酶和类胰蛋白酶活力逐渐增大,表现为Z2相似文献